Internal combustion engine



June 2, 1931.

w. H. PARKER 1,808,146

INTERNAL coNBUsTIoN ENGINE Filed July 2. 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 A u; Ja 0 .o 1 .n w r I y. V a Q l': n 2

a Y, --f- I Il I a 2c m Q N v 1 l BN N :N -V- l j L T l Il Il L: .I l R "5 l N 5* N* 4: 9 I

o l0 l Q N Q x il Fig. Z.

IN VEN TOR.

ORNEY June 2,1931.

W. H. PARKER'- INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed July 2, 1928 2 sheets-sheet 2 m i a, U il -.1. M E/ n 'l r [L Q1 W [L Figs. Fig 6 LL INVENTOR.

WARREN H.

BY P RKE/Z A TT ORNEY Patented June 2, 1931 UNIT-ED STAT-Es rasant PATENT Irrlcr;

vWARREN H. PARKER, OF OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO ANTHONY J ORSKI, OF OAKLAND, CAL1FORNIA INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Application -led .Tuly 2,

Y The invention relates to internal combustion engines.

'An object of the invention is to provide an internal combustion enginein which a power impulse will be transmitted to kthe engine shaft not only by the piston but as well by -the cylinder head between which and the piston the fuel charge is ignited.

VAnother object of the invention is to provide an engine of the character described, in which the usual vibration prevailing in the operation of engines of the internal combustion type will be practically eliminated.

A further object of the invention is to pr o- 15 vide an engine of the character described 1n Vwhich for a given movement of the piston, the compression and expansion of gases in the cylinder will take place at a much greater rate than in engines heretofore in use.

A still further object of the invention is to provide an engine with the foregoing features which will be extremely simple in construction, and may be readily assembledand disassembled.

.25 The invention possesses other objects and features of advantage, some 0f which, with the foregoing, will be set forth inthe following description of the preferred form of the invention which is illustrated on the drawings accompanying and forming part of the specification. It is to be understood,

^ however, that variations in the showing made by the said drawings and description may be adopted within the scope of the invention as set forth in the claims.

Referring to said drawings:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view taken through a multi-cylinder engine embodying the invention.

Figure 2 is a similar sectional viewV taken at right angles to Figure 1, the plane of the vsection being indicated by the line 2 2 of said latter figure.

Figure 3l is a cross sectional view taken through one of the cylinders, the plane of the lsection being indicated by the line 3-3 of Figure 1.

Figures 4 to 11 inclusive are diagram- V matic representations showing the position 1928. Serial No. 289,870.

of the engine parts at different points in the operation of the engine. I

The engine in the embodiment illustrated in the drawings comprises a casing 12,'the lower portion thereof providing a crank case llwhile the upper portion provides a guide block 14. Arranged'within the block 14 is a cylinder 16 having its upper en'd closed by a head 17 here shown as an integral part of the cylinder. A piston 18 is mounted for, recipro-4 cation within the cylinder and is operatively connected in the usual manner to a crank shaft 19 by means of a connecting rod 21.

Like the piston 18, the cylinder 16 together with its head 17 is mounted for longitudinal reciprocative movement, and is preferably directly connected to the crank shaft by means of a pair of connecting rods 22 positioned on opposite sides of the piston connecting rod 21. As previously noted, the Ycrank shaft is arf ranged to receive a power impulse from the cylinder as well 'as from the piston, and since the cylinder and piston arearranged to move in opposed directions during the power stroke, the rods 21v and 22 are connected to the crank shaft 180 degrees apart.

Suitable means are provided for permit- Y ting the introduction of'a charge of combustible mixture to-the cylinder and the discharge therefrom of the mixture after it is ignited and spent. As here shown, the cylinder is provided with inlet and outlet ports 23 and 24 preferably positioned at opposite sides thereof and arranged respectively to periodically register with a fuel intake passage 25 and exhaust passage 26 provided in 'the block. The engine in its present embodiment isv adapted `to operaate as a four stroke lcycle unit, and in order that Comunication between the cylinder portsand the block passages will not be established at intervals involving less than two forward and return strokes of the piston, valves 27 and 28 are interposed between the said ports and The valves as here shown are in the form of segments which together deline what may be termed a cylindrical sleeve which embraces the cylinder and engages in the bore 29 of the block. The segments are arranged for reciprocative movement and are separately actuated from a valve actuating shaft 3l through the medium of eccentric straps 32 and 33, the former being connected to the segment 27 and the latter being connected 5 to the segment 28. Formed respectively in the segments 27 and 28 are yports 34 and v35 which during the reciprocation of segments move into and out of registry with the `cylinder ports and the block passages.

The valve shaft 3l is driven by the engine shaft such as through gears 30 whereby the former will rotate once for every two revolutions of the latter, and as will bel apparent by reference to Figures 4 to 11 inclusivefof the drawings, during the operation of the engine, once in every two revolutions Vof the engine shaft, to-wit at the-commencement `of the yintake stroke ofthe piston, the port 34 will simultaneously communicate with the inlet passage 25 and the port 23 thereby allowing the combustible mixture to enter the cylinder. Likewise once during every two revolutions of the engine Vshaft the port 3'will simultaneously'register with the port 24 and the exhaust passage 26, thus permitting the exhaust of the spent gases in the cylinder.

It is to be noted that due to the fact that the cylinder head moves toward the piston during the compression stroke, with a given stroke of piston and bore of cylinders, the

compression of the charge introduced into the cylinder will be far greater 'than that obtained under the same conditions in an engine having a iixed cylinder head. It will also be noted that since the cylinder head is movable and transmits to the engine shaft the force of the impact of the ignited gases, -not only is the torque of the shaft increased but the shock to the engine frame and the resultant vibration such asis produced by the of a spark plug 36 mounted in the cylinder head, electric connection between the plug and a source of current beingmaintained by means of a fixed insulated brush 37 frictionally engaging the electrode 38 ofthe plug.

Means are also provided for regulating the temperature of the engine in a novel and effestive-manner and practically without the addition of any auxiliary mechanism. Fixed to the block 14 and extending thereover isa hood 39 dening a closed :chamber 41 with which the bore 29 is in direct communication. Due to the displacement of the cylinder in the bore during the operation of theengine, the pressure in the chamber 4l will vary, and advantage of this feature is taken to'draw into such chamber fresh cold or hotair to correspondingly cool or warm the-engineas nlay "be desire-d. Bothcold or hot air is arranged to be ldrawn Vseparately into the chamber through an intake pipe 42, one branch 43 vder having a head and arranged to reciprocate in said bore, a conduit communica-ting vder having a-headand arranged to .reciprothereof being open to the atmosphere, while another branch 44 communicates with the heater 45 in thermal contact with the exhaust pipe 46 of the engine. A check valve 47 and air cleaner 48 are disposed in the pipe 42, the formerserving to permit air to be drawn into the chamber when the pressure therein is less than atmospheric, but preventing the back flow of air through the pipe. .Discharge of air from .the chamber isV allowed through a check valve 49 which acts to prevent the intake of therethru. By means of a two way valve 5l arranged at the juncture of the bran'ches43fand 44, the hot air pipe may be placed in communication with the chamber while the cold air is thereby shutoff Yfrom said communication, or Vvice versa, the cold air pipe may beopen whereby thehot air will be shut off. It willnow be clear that upon the completion of each forward and return stroke vof the cylinder, 'fresh air willjbe drawn into the chamber and used air discharged ytherefrom, and that sincethe air in the chamber'is permitted tol enter vwell'intothe bore when the cylinder is yin .its inward position, the walls of the engine maybe effectivelycooled or heated asconditions may make desirable.

Y VV-hile I have here shown and describedthe intake and exhaust-openings forthe chamber 4l as valve controlled, such control maybe eliminated, although such elimination irende'rs 4the temperature'control less effective.

As will readilybe apparent from an 4inspection of the drawings, 'the various parts comprising vthe engine are allof simple construction and render the assembly and .repair ofthe engine a simple matter. It willthus be seen that not onlyis" the engine efiicientin operation, but may be constructed atlowcost andlkept in ',proper condition withminimum' effort and expense.

I claim: y

1. In an v'internal combustion engine, a block -having a bore open at one end, acylinwith the open end of said bore and having twoair intake openings and a discharge opening, altvvo way valve for closing either :intake`l opening and a check valve for the discharge opening arranged `to Iopen on the -up stroke of said cylinder. j

v 2. In an internal combustion engine, .a block having a bore open atoneend, a. cylincate vin said bore, and vmeansoperative upon the reciprocation -of Vsaid cylinder in' .said

'bore whereby cold or heated air maybe separately `drawn into said bore 'toc'ool theencold air intake opening, a hot air intake and a discharge opening, a check valve arranged between said intake openings and said bore to prevent discharge of air through said intake openings on the up strokes of the cylinder, a two Way valve for controlling the intake of air through said intake openings and. another cheek valve normally closing said discharge arranged to open only on the up stroke of said cylinder.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at akland, California, this 23rd day of June, 1928.

WARREN H. PARKER. 

